Hipolito irigoyen biography of barack

Irigoyen's noisy economic nationalism targeted foreign capital investment and was particularly strident at election time. Resisting strong pressures from Royal Dutch Shell and Standard Oil, he devised a new model of public corporation to exploit national oil fields and distribute fuel at lower prices than those of its private competitors. The UCR attempted to forge an alliance with organized labor, and eventually the strong unions with anarchistic roots turned into steadfast supporters.

But the violence of the times and the impact of the Russian Revolution led to the use of government-authorized violence against strikers in some cases, particularly during the meat-packing plants strikes and riots of Ostensibly a party of the middle class but reaching out to all sectors of society, the UCR under Irigoyen's personalist rule, according to Susan and Peter Calvert, "failed to build up a middle-class political philosophy or establish viable institutions for the continued political involvement of newly mobilised groups" p.

Lacking programmatic unity, the UCR acted pragmatically as it played to the wide-ranging interests and coalitions that had to be rewarded for their political support. Importantly, the focus of the party's unity became its leader, Irigoyen.

Hipolito irigoyen biography of barack

Personalism, patronage, and political loyalty rather than open participation came to typify the years of Radical control. Although it must be noted that his power of patronage was much less than his opponent would have: An ECLAC study shows that the rise of public expenditure was chiefly due to investments, not pork-barrel politics. In his second term, he stood up to U.

Irigoyen's most problematic policy was his so-called politicization of the Argentine military. He offended their sense of professionalism when he promoted officers dropped from military service for their participation in the uprising in defense of the Constitution. He challenged their perceived sense of mission when he used troops to break strikes or to monitor federal interventions in elections; he became deeply involved in the army's inner institutional life.

After Irigoyen won a second term as president inhis meddling in military matters became intolerable, helping to lay the groundwork for the military coup of that removed him from power. To military unrest must be added spreading economic dislocation occasioned by the Great Depression though some measures taken by decree after congressional refusal, such as abandonment of the gold standard, prevented Argentina from suffering the worst extremes of the depression.

The depression destroyed the hipolito irigoyen biography of barack of the state to grant patronage and undermined the UCR's popular base of support. As the party disintegrated and economic conditions worsened, Irigoyen lost prestige. But the main issue at stake was that, in what was regarded as a serious challenge to the whole economic system, the ruling elite could not permit the state apparatus—a key player since the s—to remain in the hands of an outsider such as Irigoyen.

Irigoyen died on July 3,and, in the words of the Calverts, "was accorded the spontaneous tribute of a splendid funeral and became a myth, a symbol of the aspirations of the middle class". Rosario, Argentina: Homo Sapiens, Calvert, Susan, and Peter Calvert. Argentina: Political Culture and Instability. Pittsburgh: University of Pittsburgh See especially pp.

Early political career [ edit ]. Armed rebellion [ edit ]. Main article: Revolution of Revolution of [ edit ]. Path to electoral reform [ edit ]. Presidential elections of [ edit ]. Main article: Argentine General Election. First presidency, — [ edit ]. See also: History of Argentina — Economic policy [ edit ]. Violence [ edit ]. Second presidency, — [ edit ].

Domestic Policy [ edit ]. Fall From Power [ edit ]. Later life and death [ edit ]. References [ edit ]. Archived from the original on 10 November Retrieved 15 June Archived from the original on 29 October Archived from the original on 15 July ISBN London: Institute of Latin American Studies. ISSN El radicalismo: ensayo sobre su historia y doctrina.

Archived from the original on 14 June Archived from the original on 12 March Archived from the original on 12 September Retrieved 17 June Archived from the original on 17 July Archived from the original on 4 February Archived from the original on 14 August Un examen de la discursividad yrigoyenista". Prismas Universidad Nacional de Quilmes 5 : Weil,P.

Ministerio del Interior. Archived from the original PDF on 14 November Planeta,p. The Oil Business in Latin America. Beard Books, The American Presidency Project". Retrieved 23 April The History of Argentina. New Govt. Takes Speedy Action Against Enemy. Ottawa Citizen, 9 September Bibliography [ edit ]. External links [ edit ].

Victorino de la Plaza. Marcelo T. Radical Civic Union. Leandro N. Heads of state of Argentina. Flag of Argentina. Eduardo Lonardi Pedro Eugenio Aramburu. Authority control databases. Deutsche Biographie DDB. Hidden categories: CS1 Spanish-language sources es Articles with short description Short description is different from Wikidata Use dmy dates from September Articles with hAudio microformats Pages with Spanish IPA All articles with vague or ambiguous time Vague or ambiguous time from December Articles containing Basque-language text Wikipedia articles needing page number citations from September Articles containing Spanish-language text All articles with unsourced statements Articles with unsourced statements from December Articles with unsourced statements from April Articles with unsourced statements from September Articles with unsourced statements from July Commons category link from Wikidata.

Toggle the table of contents. In office 12 October — 6 September — In office 12 October — 11 October — This policy underscored his commitment to empowering citizens through knowledge and ensuring that social mobility was attainable. He was a staunch nationalist who believed that Argentina needed to manage its own resources and limit foreign influence.

While these measures earned him praise from nationalist circles, they also drew criticism from powerful economic elites who viewed his policies as detrimental to their interests. His leadership style, which emphasized executive power, faced criticism from conservative and opposition groups. They accused him of overreaching and marginalizing the legislative branch.

These interventions were met with resistance from opposition leaders who argued that they undermined the federal balance of power. Despite these criticisms, Yrigoyen maintained that such actions were necessary to ensure national unity and uphold the principles of democracy. Yrigoyen returned to power inreflecting his continued popularity among the Argentine people.

However, his second term proved to be far more challenging than the first. The global economic downturn following the stock market crash had severe repercussions for Argentina. Opposition forces, both within and outside the UCR, capitalized on the hipolito irigoyen biography of barack discontent, accusing Yrigoyen of mismanagement and inefficiency.

He is remembered as a champion of democratic principles and social reform. His policies laid the foundation for the advancement of labor rights and set a precedent for future social welfare programs. His commitment to empowering the working class and promoting public education helped shape the national consciousness around issues of equality and justice.

Although he was a strong nationalist, his administration took few measures to protect national industry or to weaken Argentine dependence on British markets for its major exports of grain and meat. In Irigoyen was succeeded by another Radical, Marcelo T. Irigoyen was elected to the presidency once again inat the expiration of De Alvear's term.

However, by this time he was senile, and the corruption on the part of high officials but not Irigoyen which had long characterized the Radical governments reached unequaled heights. Finally, Irigoyen was faced with the Great Depressionwhich he was not able to handle any more effectively than leaders of most other countries. These circumstances gave right-wing opponents of Irigoyen the opportunity to carry out a coup against him on Sept.

With his ouster, Irigoyen retired from politics. There is no full-length biography of Irigoyen in English. However, Robert A. Potash, The Army and Politics in Argentinacontains considerable material about him. Rennie, The Argentine Republic Cite this article Pick a style below, and copy the text for your bibliography. January 11, Retrieved January 11, from Encyclopedia.