Leon battista alberti biography of mahatma gandhi

Alberti himself confirmed his celibacy, moving to Rome in as secretary to Biagio Molin, patriarch of Grado and deputy of the papal chancery, took vows and was appointed papal abbreviateby virtue of his degree. This post had been granted only after Eugene IV removed the obstacle preventing Alberti to take holy orders, since illegitimate.

This new status ensured the young scholar not only a substantial income but also the opportunity to enter the papal cultural circles. This was the period during which he began to methodically study architecture through the lens of antiquity. He had, however, probably first become curious about the subject in Florence at the end of the s, when he met Brunelleschi and learned of the new instrument, the camera obscura, later becoming an important theoretician of the invention.

The new rules of perspective were useful to him in his endeavour to create the first topographical map of ancient Romeknowledge needed for his brief Descriptio urbis Romae. In spite of his new life as a prior, in Alberti also wrote a dialogic treatise on the family in Florentine, the Quattro libri della famiglia the fourth was written in Florence infilled with advice about how to raise children and take care of the elderly, matrimonial love, home economics and friendship, once again proving himself to be a worthy representative of the values of the nascent European middle class.

Dedicated to Giovanni Francesco Gonzaga, he then translated it into Italian shortly after, with a dedication to his friend Brunelleschi. The celebrated treatise was the first theoretical text on an art form, freeing it from its status as mere mechanical execution. Comprising three books, the work programmatically covers the discovery of perspective analysed for the first time ; the fundamental elements of painting line, composition, light and colour ; and the new figure of the intellectual artist.

Florence: Olschki, Michel, Paul-Henri. Paris: Belles Lettres, Users without a subscription are not able to see the full content on this page. Please subscribe or login. Oxford Bibliographies Online is available by subscription and perpetual access to institutions. For more information or to contact an Oxford Sales Representative leon battista alberti biography of mahatma gandhi here.

Publications Pages Publications Pages. Sign in Get help with access You could not be signed in, please check and try again. Username Please enter your Username. A large and expensive book, De re aedificatoria was not fully published untilafter which it became an important guide for architects. Alberti announced that the book was written "not only for craftsmen but also for anyone interested in the noble arts.

Through his book, Alberti spread his theories and ideals of the Florentine Renaissance to the rest of Italy. Pope Nicholas V, to whom Alberti dedicated the work, dreamed of rebuilding the city of Rome, but managed to realize only a fragment of his visionary plans. While Alberti's treatises on painting and architecture have been hailed as the founding texts of a new form of art, breaking from the gothic past, it is impossible to know the extent of their practical impact within his lifetime.

His praise of the Calumny of Apelles led to several attempts to emulate it, including paintings by Botticelli and Signorelli. His stylistic ideals can be seen being put into practice in the works of Mantegna, Piero della Francesca and Fra Angelico. It is impossible to ascertain how far Alberti was responsible for these innovations, and how far he was simply articulating the trends of the contemporary artistic movement, with which his practical experience had made him familiar.

Alberti also wrote a work on sculptureDe Statua. Alberti wrote I Libri della famiglia, a discussion of education, marriage, household management, and money, in the Tuscan dialect. The work was not printed until Like Erasmus decades later, Alberti stressed the need for a reform in education. He noted that "the care of very young children is women's work, for nurses or the mother," and that at the earliest possible age children should be taught the alphabet.

With great hopes, he gave the work to his family to read, but in his autobiography Alberti confesses that "he could hardly avoid feeling rage, moreover, when he saw some of his relatives openly ridiculing both the whole work and the author's futile enterprise along it. Alberti borrowed many of its characters from Lucian, one of his favorite Greek writers.

The name of its hero, Momus, refers to the Greek word for blame or criticism. After being expelled from heaven, Momus, the god of mockery, is eventually castrated.

Leon battista alberti biography of mahatma gandhi

Jupiter and the other gods come down to earth also, but they return to heaven after Jupiter breaks his nose in a great storm. Potiti "Life of St. He has been credited with being the author of the Hypnerotomachia Poliphili, a strange fantasy novel, although there is a good deal of debate about this attribution. Alberti was an accomplished cryptographer and invented the first polyalphabetic ciphers, now known as the Alberti Cipher, and machine-assisted encryption using his Cipher Disk.

The polyalphabetic cipher was, at least in principle, for it was not properly used for several hundred years, the most significant advance in cryptography since before Julius Caesar's time. Cryptography historian David Kahn titles him the "Father of Western Cryptography," pointing to three significant advances in the field which can be attributed to Alberti: "The earliest Western exposition of cryptanalysis, the invention of polyalphabetic substitution, and the invention of enciphered code.

Among Alberti's smaller studies, pioneering in their field, were a treatise in cryptography, De componendis cifris, and the first Italian grammar. He was also interested in the drawing of maps. With the Florentine cosmographer and cartographer Paolo Toscanelli, he collaborated in astronomy, a close science to geography at that time, and produced a small Latin work on geography, Descriptio urbis Romae The Panorama of the City of Rome.

Alberti took great interest in studying the ruins of classical architecture in Rome and elsewhere. At Romehe was employed by Pope Nicholas V in the restoration of the papal palace and of the restoration of the Roman aqueduct of Acqua Vergine, which debouched into a simple basin designed by Alberti, replaced later by the Baroque Trevi Fountain.

On a commission from the Rucellai family he completed the principal facade of The Church of Santa Maria Novella in Florencethe marble-clad shrine of the Holy Sepulchre, which had been begun in the previous century and perhaps also the Capella Rucellai. Alberti is also now thought to have had an important role in the designing of Pienza, a village that had been called Corsignano, but which was redesigned beginning around Simone, Villa Medici a Fiesole.

Leon Battista Alberti. Arte Lombarda, Nuova Serie. JSTOR References [ edit ]. Further reading [ edit ]. Clark, Kenneth. Das Gesamtwerk. Sein Leben und seine Architekturtheorie. Archived at the Wayback Machine Gille, Bertrand Dictionary of Scientific Biography. New York: Charles Scribner's F. Canali e V. Galati, V. Anthony Grafton, Leon Battista Alberti.

Master Builder of the Italian Renaissance. Daniel Sherer. New Haven Alberti, N. Villa Medici a Fiesole. Firenze e la Toscana, Maschietto Editore, Firenze, Canali, C. Muscolino, Firenze, Cardini e M. Regoliosi, Firenze, Edizioni Polistampa, Canali ed. Verdiani, Firenze,vol. Borsi, Leon Battista, Firenze, External links [ edit ]. Wikimedia Commons has media related to Leon Battista Alberti.

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Index Outline Category Philosophy portal. Tempio Malatestiano, Rimini original project c. Palazzo Rucellai, Florence original project c. Rucellai Sepulchre c. De pictura ; published De re aedificatoria ; published Alberti cipher. The Age of the Medici TV series. Authority control databases. Categories : Leon Battista Alberti births deaths 15th-century Genoese people 15th-century Italian Roman Catholic priests 15th-century writers in Latin 15th-century Italian philosophers 15th-century Italian architects 15th-century Italian painters 15th-century Italian poets 15th-century Italian sculptors 15th-century Italian mathematicians Italian Renaissance architects Italian Renaissance humanists Italian Renaissance painters Italian Renaissance writers Architectural theoreticians Italian architecture writers Italian medallists Italian male painters Italian male poets Italian male sculptors Linguists from Italy Catholic philosophers Artist authors Medieval cryptographers Italian cryptographers 15th-century antiquarians.