Sir alexander bustamante biography of albert

A flamboyant leader, he maintained close relations with the United States and launched an ambitious five-year program of public works and land reform. Illness led him to retire from politics in He was knighted by Queen Elizabeth II in Cite this article Pick a style below, and copy the text for your bibliography. January 8, Retrieved January 08, from Encyclopedia.

Then, copy and paste the text into your bibliography or works cited list. Because each style has its own formatting nuances that evolve over time and not all information is available for every reference entry or article, Encyclopedia. Reference Encyclopedias almanacs transcripts and maps Bustamante, Sir Alexander. Bustamante, Sir Alexander columbia.

The true power was held by his deputyDonald Sangster. He was married four times. His fourth wife was Gladys Longbridgewho he married on 7 Septemberat the age of He had no children. Bustamante was commended in for his public services in Jamaica. A Jamaican candy, the Bustamante backbone, is named after him. Contents move to sidebar hide. Article Talk.

Read Edit View history. Tools Tools. Download as PDF Printable version. In other projects. Wikimedia Commons Wikidata item. Jamaican politician and labour leader — The Right Excellent. Gladys Longbridge. Early life and education [ edit ]. Political career in colonial Jamaica [ edit ]. Federation and independence [ edit ]. Marriage and family [ edit ].

Legacy and honours [ edit ]. Bustamante backbone [ edit ]. References [ edit ]. Sir Alexander Bustamante — ". BBC News.

Sir alexander bustamante biography of albert

Archived from the original on 24 June Retrieved 7 October Alexander Bustamante, one of the leading political figures in Jamaica during the twentieth century, was born William Alexander Clarke at Blenheim Estate in Lucea, a coastal town in western Jamaica. He was the second of five children born to Robert Clarke, a white Jamaican, and Mary Wilson, Clarke's second wife, a colored woman of peasant stock.

When he married Mary Wilson, Robert Clarke was employed as overseer at Blenheim Estate, a relatively large mixed farming enterprise leased and operated by his step-father, Alexander Shearer, and his mother Elsie Clarke Shearer. When the widowed Elsie Clarke married Shearer, a white Jamaican of Irish extraction, her social status was enhanced as the mistress of the Blenheim Great House.

Her son, Robert, however, incurred her displeasure by marrying beneath him, and he found it necessary to build a modest cottage overlooking the Great House; it was in this cottage that William Alexander Clarke was born and lived with other siblings. Later, when failing health forced the aging Shearers to relinquish the lease, Robert Clarke was retained by the new management as property manager and overseer, and he took up residence in the Great House with his family.

Alexander Aleck Clarke left Blenheim in his late teens to become a store clerk, but by the age of twenty he had taken up residence at Belmont Estate, in the south-eastern. Catherine, to be trained as a junior overseer. Belmont was owned by Thomas Manley, a black man, and his fair-skinned wife, Margaret Shearer. They sir alexander bustamante biography of albert the parents of five children, including Norman Washington Manley —later to become Clarke-Bustamante's lifelong political rival.

Together, they founded a political dynasty, each serving more than once as the head of the government while the other took the role of leader of the opposition. Both men were half cousins by virtue of sharing a common maternal grandmother, Elsie Clarke Shearer. Initially, he worked as a public transit employee, but he was transferred, due to a promotion, to Panama.

Between and he also made four return visits to Jamaica, including one to start a business venture. In he migrated from Cuba to New York City, where, identifying himself as Alejandro Bustamanti, a cultivated gentleman of Spanish birth, he worked in a private hospital until he returned, finally, to Jamaica inand set himself up as a small-business money lender.

The year witnessed the onset of labor unrest, culminating in an island-wide revolt of the working classes and peasants during and Simultaneously, the unrest gave birth to a political movement and a trade union movement. The expectation was that both would be complementary arms of a single process: the political arm was to be led by the leading barrister Norman Manley, who launched the avowedly socialist People's National Party in September ; while the trade union arm was to be led by Alexander Bustamante, who registered the Bustamante Industrial Trade Union BITU in January In SeptemberBustamante was incarcerated by the governor for making inflammatory speeches.

He was released in Februaryand immediately took absolute control of the BITU from a joint caretaker administration, which included his cousin Norman Manley. The JLP lost the election ofand Bustamante served as the leader of the opposition party from until He then dramatically reversed his political decline, regained power, and became the first prime minister of independent Jamaica from untilwhen failing eyesight forced him to relinquish duties to an acting prime minister.

Bustamante was able to seize the opportunities for leadership provided by the social upheaval by going outside the interests of his own class, the indigenous plantocracy, and identifying himself with the downtrodden masses of the black population. He also enhanced his "representativeness" and acceptability by participating in the organizational work of other trade unions, and by sharing the platforms of activists associated with the teachings of Marcus Garvey —the Jamaican-born advocate of "black consciousness and pride.

Inhe received an honorary doctorate from Fairfield University in Fairfield, Connecticut. Inhe was awarded an honorary doctorate by the University of the West Indies. Sir Alexander Bustamante was married four times. Sir Alexander married his last wife, Gladys Longbridge on September 17,with whom he had no children. Do you find this information helpful?

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