Spanish biography of fidel castro pdf

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Need an account? Click here to sign up. Revolution on the mind: Cuba, between fact and fable Jean Stubbs. Peter Mayo. Bulletin of Latin American Research, Vol. Skierka, a German journalist who has had assignments in Latin America, including Cuba, requested but was never given an interview with his subject — his only encounter being at the German Embassy in Cuba ina year after its German publication.

Several Key US works have been omitted, however, as has spanish biography of fidel castro pdf that has been written in Latin America and elsewhere in Europe, including countries of the former Soviet Union. His book is now available in Spanish and Frenchas well as German and English. It is one I certainly recommend. It is, of course, iconic.

But that is another story. This is, of course, hyperbole. They are, on the contrary, often revealing and compelling journalism. It is not a work of academic research, and lacks references, even when US academics are occasionally cited. All are interesting in their own way, but they are not the product of a coherent research project. It is also a chapter that illustrates the importance to the survival of the Revolution of the commitment and forbearance of Cuban professional workers.

The chapters are based on interviews conducted mostly inwith some subsequent updating. There are some odd errors of reporting. The impression is given that public phones take US dollars p. It is implied that a bus ride in Havana costs a dollar p. Nevertheless, this book does offer insights into some mostly atypical and rather sad lives.

Anyone familiar with Havana and Cuba will recognise much that is portrayed here, but will also be aware of the particularities of the chosen subjects of most of the chapters, and of their relation to US perspectives on Cuba. Read it, then, for its often delicately penned portraits of an interesting, if unrepresentative, group of Cubans living in a period that now seems to be passing.

For the scholarly inclined, however, the most interesting parts of the book lie in three of the other four chapters. For instance, they present data on gross domestic product GDP per year, but this is supplemented with yearly data on the output of thirteen important commodities for the economy that corroborate their statements about GDP. Namely, the crisis of — led to a pro-market reform period from to and this reform process has stalled and retrogressed since that period.

The comprehensiveness and level of detail in their discussion is so impressive that this chapter should be required reading in all well designed courses on the Cuban economy, and at least background reading in courses with a broader perspective. The critique is devastating because, in contrast to the methodological criticisms that exist in the economics profession, they accept the rationale and methodology for the index provided by the United Nations in its Human Development Report.

The most telling example of the problems they spanish biography of fidel castro pdf out is that the GDP per capita in purchasing power parity terms for Cuba is obtained as an average of the same measure for several other Caribbean islands! Furthermore, no details on how this average is calculated are provided by the UN. They show that a surprising jump upwards in the rankings for Cuba on the overall index in is due to a change in the methodology.

They also show that the same change leads to an equally surprising jump downwards for Brazil. I doubt most users of HDI are aware of the magnitude of the potential differences due to this change in methodology. An indirect but important contribution of this chapter lies in alterting readers to it. It stresses a general level of deterioration in these areas during the period as well as increasing inequalities in most of them.

While it continues to pay great attention to the presentation and evaluation of detailed data on these issues, it is somewhat hindered as they note by the lack of quality in the underlying measurements. It covers health, education, income and wealth distribution, housing, pensions, poverty and the rationing system among others. One of the most controversial issues addressed in this chapter is that of remittances and their role in increasing racial inequality.

Remittances to Cuba are measured indirectly. For instance, they include income generated by illegal activities, for example, earnings from prostitution or commissions for money laundering in the drug trade, that are spent in the dollar stores or end up in exchange houses. In addition, these two indirect methods capture foreign exchange earnings by the considerable number of Cuban workers doctors, dentists, teachers and soldiers abroad, for example detailed abroad by the Cuban government that are spent in dollar stores or end up in the exchange houses.

On the other hand, the estimates by scholars are focused on remittances only and usually are limited to those sent by Cuban exiles in the US. Both problems stem from the use of twenty different indicators of performance that are characterised in terms of more is always better or less is always better. Over the year period they are considering these other things can change, e.

In the case of Chile, there is a high concentration of copper exports and some controversy over the contribution of a high price for copper to its economic performance during the last 50 years. There are several other indicators that suffer from the same problem. A second problem is that the authors want to summarise the information on these twenty indicators and their rankings by putting them together.

Unfortunately, their attempts at synthesis entail adding up apples and oranges. Adding rankings does not solve the problem and it has problems of its own rankings are ordinal scale variables where order has meaning but differences and ratios have no meaning. A telling example that illustrates both conceptual problems is the construction of one of their indicators for the performance of the external sector.

There are two ways to increase this indicator: increase exports or decrease population. Notwithstanding the problems discussed above, this book is an outstanding analysis of the economic situation in Cuba during the — period. There is no better single reference work on this subject anywhere. Roger R. The role of anarchism in all its guises in the political evolution of modern Cuba has long been either hotly contested or somewhat overlooked.

This admirable text is therefore a welcome antidote to those tendencies, setting the record straight and restoring Cuban anarchism to something like its rightful historical place, i. The second assertion is, however, a genuine challenge to the academic consensus, and welcome for that. The third, though, gives rise to a fascinating and rich picture of a whole ethos, wider than political action, trade union activism and nationalism.

They also, as Shaffer portrays, led to a constant need to negotiate pragmatically for survival, no different in this respect from other radicals of the time. Indeed, one criticism of the whole book might be that Shaffer perhaps tries to say too many things, with some chapters as a result being frustratingly short; one cannot help feeling that a greater impact might have come from a narrower focus, either on the political impetus or the counter-culture.

However, whatever the minor faults, the overall effect of the book is of a challenge that is well sustained and argued and one which stresses the genuinely radical critique rather than action which Cuban anarchism offered. As the title of this book indicates, this is a detailed analysis of the US governmental processes that have produced the economic embargo on Fidel Castro, and not so much of the USA embargo policy itself.

The authors give us passing hints that they disapprove of the embargo and regard it as a failure, but they mostly offer a very evenhanded discussion of the policy and its impact. The book instead shows how a very complicated interaction of domestic interests and political personalities, changing over time, has produced the embargo policies and how such policies themselves have been uneven.

The book is very well written, and exhaustively researched, drawing in analogies with the role of Congress and private groups, on such other ethnically-charged foreign policy issues as US attitudes on Taiwan or Israel. The materials are presented chronologically, as one administration succeeds another, and as the Congress periodically asserts itself.

In demonstrating that the policy process is much more complicated, the book would support those of us who see the policy choices as much more complicated. The authors endorse the view widely voiced among academics, that the trend in the Cuban-American community may be to become less vehement about Castro, and less supportive of the embargo. But the success of the stubborn approach for either side comes when the other ceases to be stubborn.

No one interested in the actual US policies facing the Castro regime can ignore the domestic processes determining such decisions. This book will, thus, be important reading for anyone interested in Cuba, as well as for students of US foreign policy more generally. Indeed, the book would make fascinating reading even for someone who did not care much at all about policy toward Cuba, but simply wanted a detailed examination of how complicated the US foreign policy process can be.

George H. Chinese immigrants and their descendants in colonised countries are often entrepreneurial, but in Cuba they repeatedly joined local rebels in anti-capitalist, anti-imperialist alliances. The three generals represent the perpetuation of that tradition into the s and beyond. Cuba under Spanish rule imported Chinese migrants as plantation workers.

In other Caribbean countries, Chinese labour replaced slave labour, but in Cuba, where slavery remained untilthey supplemented it. Their numbers soared and eventually, Chinese plantation workers outnumbered slaves by three to two. The Chinese experience in Cuba confounds the stereotypical view of Chinese abroad as clannish, docile, and xenophobic.

Their resistance to impressment began in China, where they killed crimps, and continued at sea.

Spanish biography of fidel castro pdf

Conditions on the estates were harsher than in other Caribbean colonies. At one point, twenty per cent were on the run. The Chinese mambises were known as fearless. InChinese mambises joined the Independence War. The fully revised third edition of this respected political biography provides the first full retrospect of Castro's remarkable career right up to his illness and withdrawal from power in Februaryincorporating analysis of: the renewed crackdown on dissidents in Cuba from the mid s on the major geopolitical reconfiguration of Latin America in the late s, and the new Cuban-Venezuelan relationship under Hugo Chavez the Helms Burton Act and the continuing US embargo The Cuban economy in the first decade of the new millennium It also revisits earlier events in Castro's career, for instance the various assassination plots against him, the Cuban missile crisis and the Soviet invasion of Czechoslovakia in the light of documents released by Cuba and the US over the past decade and a half.

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You can pause it, speed it up and slow it down. We have over one million books available in our catalogue for you to explore. Information Publisher. Pictures of the Past, Visions of the Future. Hugh Thomas, Cuba: the Pursuit of Freedom. W hen Fidel Castro entered the world of university politics in as a year-old law student, two great historical events dominated the political rhetoric of his peers: the independence struggles of to and the revolutionary movement of to that had led to the overthrow of the dictator Machado.

For student radicals, both events were interwoven into a picture of Cuban history as an incomplete and thwarted revolutionary process. The largest island in the Caribbean, commanding the approaches northwest to the Gulf of Mexico and south to the Caribbean Sea, Cuba had been an important strategic centre of the Spanish empire in the New World.

Almost 20 years before its conquest inColumbus had been struck by its beauty and also by its commercial potential.